Karyotype and genome size variation in Delphinium subg. Anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae)

Xiao-Yu Luo; Tang-Jie Nie; Heng Liu; Xue-Fei Ding; Ying Huang; Chun-Ce Guo; Wen-Gen Zhang

doi:10.3897/phytokeys.234.108841

Karyotype and genome size variation in Delphinium subg. Anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae)

PhytoKeys. 2023 Oct 18:234:145-165. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.234.108841. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Xiao-Yu Luo^{1

2}, Tang-Jie Nie^{1

3}, Heng Liu^{1

2}, Xue-Fei Ding^{1

2}, Ying Huang^{1

2}, Chun-Ce Guo^{1

2}, Wen-Gen Zhang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China.
² Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization Nanchang China.
³ Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China.

Abstract

Five taxa of Delphiniumsubg.Anthriscifolium have been karyologically studied through chromosome counting, chromosomal measurement, and karyotype symmetry. Each taxon that we investigated has a basic chromosome number of x = 8, D.anthriscifoliumvar.savatieri, D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus, D.ecalcaratum, and D.callichromum were diploid with 2n = 16, while D.anthriscifoliumvar.anthriscifolium was tetraploid with 2n = 32. Monoploid chromosome sets of the investigated diploid taxa contained 1 metacentric chromosome, 3 submetacentric chromosomes, and 4 subtelocentric chromosomes. Higher interchromosomal asymmetry (CV_CL) was present in D.ecalcaratum and D.callichromum than in other taxa. The highest levels of intrachromosomal asymmetry (M_CA) and heterogeneity in centromere position (CV_CI) were found in D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus. Diploid and tetraploid genome sizes varied by 3.02-3.92 pg and 6.04-6.60 pg, respectively. Karyotype and genome size of D.anthriscifoliumvar.savatieri, D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus, D.callichromum, and D.ecalcaratum were reported for the first time. Finally, based on cytological and morphological data, the classification of Delphiniumanthriscifolium was revised.

Keywords: Columbines; Consolida; Ranunculales; genome size; karyotype; ploidy.

Xiao-Yu Luo, Tang-Jie Nie, Heng Liu, Xue-Fei Ding, Ying Huang, Chun-Ce Guo, Wen-Gen Zhang.