Global trends and hotspots of treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A bibliometric and visualization analysis (2010-2023)

Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is chronic, with its progression leading to liver fibrosis and end-stage cirrhosis. Although NAFLD is increasingly common, no treatment guideline has been established. Many mechanistic studies and drug trials have been conducted for new drug development to treat NAFLD. An up-to-date overview on the knowledge structure of NAFLD through bibliometrics, focusing on research hotspots, is necessary to reveal the rational and timely directions of development in this field.

Aim: To research the latest literature and determine the current trends in treatment for NAFLD.

Methods: Publications related to treatment for NAFLD were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection database, from 2010 to 2023. VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and R package "bibliometrix" were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis. The key information was extracted, and the results of the cluster analysis were based on network data for generating and investigating maps for country, institution, journal, and author. Historiography analysis, bursts and cluster analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and trend topic revealed the knowledge structure and research hotspots in this field. GraphPad Prism 9.5.1.733 and Microsoft Office Excel 2019 were used for data analysis and visualization.

Results: In total, 10829 articles from 120 countries (led by China and the United States) and 8785 institutions were included. The number of publications related to treatment for NAFLD increased annually. While China produced the most publications, the United States was the most cited country, and the United Kingdom collaborated the most from an international standpoint. The University of California-San Diego, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine produced the most publications of all the research institutions. The International Journal of Molecular Sciences was the most frequent journal out of the 1523 total journals, and Hepatology was the most cited and co-cited journal. Sanyal AJ was the most cited author, the most co-cited author was Younossi ZM, and the most influential author was Loomba R. The most studied topics included the epidemiology and mechanism of NAFLD, the development of accurate diagnosis, the precise management of patients with NAFLD, and the associated metabolic comorbidities. The major cluster topics were "emerging drug," "glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist," "metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease," "gut microbiota," and "glucose metabolism."

Conclusion: The bibliometric study identified recent research frontiers and hot directions, which can provide a valuable reference for scholars researching treatments for NAFLD.

Keywords: Bibliometrics; Historiography analysis; Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Therapy; Treatment.