DNAJA4 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via PSMD2-mediated MYH9 degradation

Cell Death Dis. 2023 Oct 24;14(10):697. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-06225-w.

Abstract

Emerging evidence indicates that DNA methylation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). DNAJA4 is hypermethylated in NPC, while its role in regulating NPC progression remains unclear. Here, we revealed that the promoter of DNAJA4 was hypermethylated and its expression was downregulated in NPC tissues and cells. Overexpression of DNAJA4 significantly suppressed NPC cell migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro, and markedly inhibited the inguinal lymph node metastasis and lung metastatic colonization in vivo, while it did not affect NPC cell viability and proliferation capability. Mechanistically, DNAJA4 facilitated MYH9 protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by recruiting PSMD2. Furthermore, the suppressive effects of DNAJA4 on NPC cell migration, invasion, and EMT were reversed by overexpression of MYH9 in NPC cells. Clinically, a low level of DNAJA4 indicated poor prognosis and an increased probability of distant metastasis in NPC patients. Collectively, DNAJA4 serves as a crucial driver for NPC invasion and metastasis, and the DNAJA4-PSMD2-MYH9 axis might contain potential targets for NPC treatments.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition* / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Myosin Heavy Chains / genetics
  • Myosin Heavy Chains / metabolism
  • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma / pathology
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / genetics
  • Signal Transduction
  • TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 / metabolism

Substances

  • PSMD2 protein, human
  • TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2
  • MYH9 protein, human
  • Myosin Heavy Chains
  • DNAJA4 protein, human
  • HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins