Purpose: To describe the self-advocacy experiences of women from underrepresented groups who have advanced breast or gynecologic cancer.
Participants & setting: To be eligible for the study, participants had to self-identify as vulnerable, which was defined as a member of a group considered at risk for poor cancer outcomes and underrepresented in clinical research.
Methodologic approach: This descriptive, longitudinal, qualitative study consisted of one-on-one interviews of women within three months of an advanced breast or gynecologic cancer diagnosis.
Findings: 10 participants completed 25 interviews. The average age of participants was 60.2 years (range = 38-75 years). Three major themes emerged: (a) speaking up and speaking out, (b) interacting with the healthcare team, and (c) relying on support from others.
Implications for nursing: Women with advanced cancer who are from underrepresented groups self-advocated in unique ways, learning over time the importance of how to communicate their needs and manage their healthcare team. Future research should incorporate these findings into tailored self-advocacy interventions.
Keywords: breast cancer; gynecologic cancer; self-advocacy; underrepresented group.