The self-absorption effect in an optically thick plasma seriously affects the spectral line intensity and the measurement accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In this work, a self-absorption correction method based on intensity self-calibration of doublet lines belonging to the same multiplet is proposed. The K/Δλ0 parameter and self-absorption coefficient (SA) of the doublet lines of the analytical element can be calculated based on the measured actual lines intensity ratio and the K parameters ratio. Compared with the generally applied self-absorption correction methods, this method can effectively reduce the influence of laser energy and plasma plume fluctuations and the non-uniformity distribution of the element in the plasma, and is independent of the availability of Stark broadening coefficients. So it has obvious advantages of high computation efficiency, high analysis accuracy and good applicability. Univariate quantitative analysis results of aluminum (Al) show that the correlation coefficient of calibration curves and the measurement accuracy of elemental content have been significantly improved with the self-absorption correction.