The Goldilocks Day for healthy adiposity measures among children and adolescents

Charlotte Lund Rasmussen; Aleš Gába; Tyman Stanford; Jan Dygrýn; Dorothea Dumuid; David Janda; Karel Hron

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158634

The Goldilocks Day for healthy adiposity measures among children and adolescents

Front Public Health. 2023 Sep 28:11:1158634. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158634. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Charlotte Lund Rasmussen^{1

2

3}, Aleš Gába¹, Tyman Stanford⁴, Jan Dygrýn¹, Dorothea Dumuid⁴, David Janda¹, Karel Hron⁵

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia.
² Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
³ School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
⁴ Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
⁵ Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia.

Abstract

Background: The optimal balance of time spent on daily movement behaviors ("The Goldilocks Day") associated with childhood obesity remains unknown.

Objective: To estimate the optimal durations of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MPVA) associated with excess adiposity in a paediatric population.

Methods: Accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors were obtained from 659 Czech children and adolescents (8-18-year-olds). Adiposity indicators were body mass index z-score, fat mass percentage, fat-free mass index, and visceral adipose tissue. Excess adiposity was defined as exceeding the 85th percentile for an adiposity indicator. Compositional regression analyses were used investigate the associations between movement behaviors and adiposity indicators and estimating "The Goldilocks Day."

Results: The movement behavior composition was associated with visceral adipose tissue (F_{df1 = 3,df2 = 317} = 3.672, p = 0.013) and fat mass percentage (F_{df1 = 3,df2 = 289} = 2.733, p = 0.044) among children and adolescents. The Goldilocks Day consisted of 8.5 h of sleep, 10.8 h of SB, 3.9 h of LPA, and 0.8 h of MVPA among children and 7.5 h of sleep, 12.4 h of SB, 3.6 h of LPA, and 0.5 h of MVPA among adolescents.

Conclusion: Optimizing the time spent sleeping, and in sedentary and physical activities appears to be important in the prevention of excess adiposity.

Keywords: adiposity prevention; physical activity; sedentary behavior; sleep; time-use.

MeSH terms

Adiposity*
Adolescent
Body Mass Index
Child
Exercise
Humans
Pediatric Obesity* / epidemiology
Pediatric Obesity* / prevention & control
Sleep

Associated data

figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.20553108.v1

Grants and funding

This research was funded by research grants from the Czech Science Foundation (18-09188S and 22-02392S). DD was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Early Career Fellowship GNT1162166 and by the Centre of Research Excellence in Driving Global Investment in Adolescent Health funded by the NHMRC GNT1171981.