Industrial Internet of Water Things architecture for data standarization based on blockchain and digital twin technology☆

Mazin Abed Mohammed; Abdullah Lakhan; Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem; Mohd Khanapi Abd Ghani; Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon; Seifedine Kadry; Jan Nedoma; Radek Martinek; Begonya Garcia Zapirain

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.005

Industrial Internet of Water Things architecture for data standarization based on blockchain and digital twin technology☆

J Adv Res. 2023 Oct 13:S2090-1232(23)00297-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.005. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Mazin Abed Mohammed¹, Abdullah Lakhan², Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem³, Mohd Khanapi Abd Ghani⁴, Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon⁵, Seifedine Kadry⁶, Jan Nedoma⁷, Radek Martinek⁸, Begonya Garcia Zapirain⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Artificial Intelligence, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Anbar 31001, Iraq; Department of Telecommunications, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic. Electronic address: mazinalshujeary@uoanbar.edu.iq.
² Department of Cybersecurity and Computer Science, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi City 74800, Sindh, Pakistan; Department of Telecommunications, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
³ College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah 66001, Iraq; College of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Malaysia.
⁵ Information and Communication Technology Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq.
⁶ Seifedine is with the Department of Applied Data Science, Noroff University College, Kristiansand, Norway.
⁷ Department of Telecommunications, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
⁸ Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
⁹ Begonya is with the eVIDA Laboratory, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain.

PMID: 37839503
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.005

Abstract

Introduction: The Industrial Internet of Water Things (IIoWT) has recently emerged as a leading architecture for efficient water distribution in smart cities. Its primary purpose is to ensure high-quality drinking water for various institutions and households. However, existing IIoWT architecture has many challenges. One of the paramount challenges in achieving data standardization and data fusion across multiple monitoring institutions responsible for assessing water quality and quantity.

Objective: This paper introduces the Industrial Internet of Water Things System for Data Standardization based on Blockchain and Digital Twin Technology. The main objective of this study is to design a new IIoWT architecture where data standardization, interoperability, and data security among different water institutions must be met.

Methods: We devise the digital twin-enabled cross-platform environment using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol to achieve seamless interoperability in heterogeneous computing. In water management, we encounter different types of data from various sensors. Therefore, we propose a CNN-LSTM and blockchain data transactional (BCDT) scheme for processing valid data across different nodes.

Results: Through simulation results, we demonstrate that the proposed IIoWT architecture significantly reduces processing time while improving the accuracy of data standardization within the water distribution management system.

Conclusion: Overall, this paper presents a comprehensive approach to tackle the challenges of data standardization and security in the IIoWT architecture.

Keywords: Blockchain; Data modality and standardization; Digital twin; IIoWT; Transparency; Water management.