Utilization of a TiO2-CuO Bimetallic/Polyaniline Nanocomposite as a Transducer in a Solid Contact Potentiometric Sensor for the Determination of Vildagliptin

Nehad A Abdallah; Sameh A Ahmed; Mohammed Almaghrabi; Yaser M Alahmadi

doi:10.3390/polym15193991

Utilization of a TiO₂-CuO Bimetallic/Polyaniline Nanocomposite as a Transducer in a Solid Contact Potentiometric Sensor for the Determination of Vildagliptin

Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 4;15(19):3991. doi: 10.3390/polym15193991.

Authors

Nehad A Abdallah¹, Sameh A Ahmed¹, Mohammed Almaghrabi¹, Yaser M Alahmadi²

Affiliations

¹ Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Mounawarah 30001, Saudi Arabia.
² Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Mounawarah 30001, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Current fundamental electrochemical research shows the potential of utilizing polymeric nanostructured materials as ion-to-electron transducers. In this paper, aniline was polymerized in the presence of TiO₂ and CuO nanoparticles to yield a bimetallic/PANI nanocomposite. It was applied as a transducer in a carbon paste electrode for the potentiometric determination of vildagliptin in the presence of 18-crown-6-ether as a recognition element. The electrode's potentiometric performance was studied according to the IUPAC guidelines. It exhibited a wide linearity range of 1 × 10^-2 M to 1 × 10^-8 M, remarkable sensitivity (LOD of 4.5 × 10^-9 M), and a fast response time of 10 s ± 1.3. The sensor did not show any potential drift due to the absence of the water layer between the carbon paste and the metallic conductor. This endowed the sensor with high stability and a long lifetime, as 137 days passed without the need to change the carbon paste surface. The electrode was utilized for the determination of the concentration of vildagliptin in bulk, pharmaceutical tablets, and human plasma, with average recovery ranging from 97.65% to 100.03%.

Keywords: metal oxides nanoparticles; polyaniline; potentiometry; solid contact electrode; transducer; vildagliptin.

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project no. 445-9-225. We also extend our thanks to Taibah University for providing supervisory support.