1 Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
2 Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
3 Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Department of Human, Nutrition Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
4 Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
5 Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
6 Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
7 Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
Conceptualising ultra-processed foods high in carbohydrates and fats as addictive substances can contribute to efforts to improve health, argue Ashley Gearhardt and colleagues