Microbial Profile, Peritoneal Fluid White Blood Cell Count, and Outcome of Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis at Indonesian Tertiary Hospital

Ro Shinta Christina Solin; July Kumalawati; Yusra Yusra; Nuri Dyah Indrasari

doi:10.4103/jgid.jgid_16_23

Microbial Profile, Peritoneal Fluid White Blood Cell Count, and Outcome of Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis at Indonesian Tertiary Hospital

J Glob Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 12;15(3):108-112. doi: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_16_23. eCollection 2023 Jul-Sep.

Authors

Ro Shinta Christina Solin¹, July Kumalawati¹, Yusra Yusra¹, Nuri Dyah Indrasari¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract

Introduction: Peritonitis caused by peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains a common complication of continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD). The purpose of this study is to determine the microbial profile in CAPD-related peritonitis, the optimal cutoff of white blood cell (WBC) count, and the percentage of polymorphonuclear (PMN) in CAPD fluid in the prediction of CAPD-related peritonitis, together with the outcome of CAPD-related peritonitis at an Indonesian tertiary hospital. This is a retrospective cohort study of CAPD-related peritonitis patients at Indonesian tertiary hospitals from November 2020 to October 2022.

Methods: Patients with suspected CAPD-related peritonitis who were tested for CAPD fluid culture and WBC count in CAPD fluid were eligible for this study. Patient's diagnosis and outcome obtained from medical records. Differences in clinical outcomes by category of microorganisms were analyzed with Fisher exact test. The Mann-Whitney test and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to determine optimal WBC and PMN cutoff.

Results: This study included 58 patients and 102 episodes of CAPD-related peritonitis. CAPD-related peritonitis was caused by 29.4% Gram-negative bacteria, 21.5% Gram-positive bacteria, 7.8% fungi, and 6.9% polymicrobial bacteria. CAPD fluid WBC count >79 cells/μL and PMN percentage >50% had a sensitivity of 76.4% and a specificity of 92.9% in predicting CAPD-related peritonitis. There was a significant difference in outcome between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial peritonitis.

Conclusions: It is critical to understand the microbial profile in CAPD-related peritonitis. Lower WBC count cutoff points in CAPD fluids may improve sensitivity in predicting CAPD-related peritonitis.

Keywords: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; microbiological profile; peritonitis.