The Efficacy and Safety of Tirofiban Use in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Intravenous Thrombolysis Applicable Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke-a Post Hoc Analysis from the Direct-MT Trial

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2024 Feb;47(2):208-215. doi: 10.1007/s00270-023-03540-9. Epub 2023 Oct 5.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban use in endovascular thrombectomy for intravenous thrombolysis applicable patients of large vessel occlusion stroke with data from Direct-MT trial.

Materials and methods: Direct-MT was the first randomized controlled trial to prove the non-inferiority of thrombectomy alone to bridging therapy (intravenous thrombolysis before thrombectomy) for large vessel occlusion stroke. Patients who underwent endovascular procedure were included and divided into thrombectomy-alone group and bridging therapy group. The effect of tirofiban use on 90 days MRS distribution, MRS 0-2 and mortality, successful reperfusion, the ASPECTS and outcome lesion volume of index stroke, re-occlusion of the treated vessel, futile recanalization and safety outcomes were further evaluated in both groups after adjustment for relevant confounding factors. The interaction between tirofiban and rt-PA was also assessed.

Results: Of 639 patients included in this analysis, 180 patients underwent thrombectomy with tirofiban use (28.2%). Patients with tirofiban use had lower percentage of bridging therapy (41.1% vs 54.3%, P = 0.003), higher proportion of large artery atherosclerosis (P < 0.001) and more emergent stenting (30.56% vs 6.97%, P < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, the 90-day modified Rankin Scale distribution, successful final recanalization rate, outcome lesion volume of index stroke on CT and intracranial hemorrhage risk showed no difference after tirofiban use in thrombectomy-alone group and in bridging therapy group. No interaction effect between tirofiban and rt-PA was detected.

Conclusion: Based on data from Direct-MT trial, tirofiban is a safe medication for intravenous thrombolysis applicable patients with large vessel occlusion stroke undergoing thrombectomy.

Level of evidence: Level 3, cohort study of randomized trial.

Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke; Endovascular thrombectomy; Intravenous thrombolysis; Large vessel occlusion; Tirofiban.

MeSH terms

  • Arterial Occlusive Diseases*
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy
  • Cohort Studies
  • Endovascular Procedures*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Ischemic Stroke*
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Stroke / diagnostic imaging
  • Stroke / therapy
  • Thrombectomy* / methods
  • Thrombolytic Therapy / methods
  • Tirofiban* / adverse effects
  • Tirofiban* / therapeutic use
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Tirofiban
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator