Metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia Region

Abel Shita; Habtamu Teshome; Mulugeta Ayalew; Wudu Yesuf; Dawit Getachew

doi:10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1234674

Metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia Region

Front Clin Diabetes Healthc. 2023 Sep 13:4:1234674. doi: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1234674. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Abel Shita¹, Habtamu Teshome¹, Mulugeta Ayalew¹, Wudu Yesuf¹, Dawit Getachew²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Mizan Aman College of Health Science, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.
² Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Mizan Tepi University College of Health Science, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are prone to modifiable and non-modifiable complications, which can be grouped under metabolic syndrome (MetS). Evaluating MetS in patients with diabetes is critical for the prevention of cardiovascular disease among patients with DM. In Ethiopia, more specifically in the southwest of Ethiopia, these kinds of information are lacking. Thus, this study estimated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic patients and its associated factors.

Methods: A health facility-based cross-sectional study was done from May 1 to 30, 2021. The data were collected using structured questionnaires, laboratory investigations, and anthropometric measurements. MetS was diagnosed using the modified International Diabetic Federation guidelines (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. The data was entered into Epidata and analyzed using SPSS software. Bivariable and multiple variable logistic regression was done to identify the factors associated with MetS. In multiple-variable logistic regression analysis, variables that have a p-value ≤ 0.05 were declared to have statistical significance.

Result: The majority (31.4%) of study participants were within the age group of 41-50 years and the mean ± SD of age is 51.75 ± 11.66, and 54.9% of them were men. In this study, the prevalence of MetS was 31.4% and 41.2% using the IDF and NCEP-ATP III criteria, respectively. Being a woman (AOR = 11.33, 95% CI; 3.73, 34.34; p < 0.001), having a lower level of education (AOR=7.10, 95% CI; 1.88, 26.70; p <0.004), and performing high physical activities (AOR=0.08, 95%CI; 0.01, 0.40; p <0.002) were significantly associated with MetS.

Conclusion: According to this study, the magnitude of Metabolic Syndrome in Mizan-Teppi University Teaching Hospital was 31.4% and 41.2% using IDF and NCEP-ATP III criteria, respectively. Being a woman and having a lower level of education increased the odds of MetS among patients with DM while performing high physical activities decreased the odds of MetS among patients with DM. Therefore, to prevent metabolic syndrome among type 2 DM patients in the study area, it is crucial to focus on women and individuals who have not had access to adequate education. One way to do this is by prioritizing interventions that involve physical activity.

Keywords: Mizan Tepi University; Southwest Ethiopia; metabolic syndrome; prevalence; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Grants and funding

The funding for this study was covered by the Mizan AmanHealth Science College. The Mizan Aman Health Science Collegeprovided the research thematic area and called for a proposal. Thecollege research directorate monitored and evaluated the studystarting from the proposal until finalization of the research.