Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Mono- and Bis-(pyrazolyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) Derivatives as EGFR/CDK-2 Target Inhibitors

Mostafa E Salem; Esraa M Mahrous; Eman A Ragab; Mohamed S Nafie; Kamal M Dawood

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c05309

Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Mono- and Bis-(pyrazolyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) Derivatives as EGFR/CDK-2 Target Inhibitors

ACS Omega. 2023 Sep 11;8(38):35359-35369. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05309. eCollection 2023 Sep 26.

Authors

Mostafa E Salem^{1

2}, Esraa M Mahrous¹, Eman A Ragab¹, Mohamed S Nafie^{3

4}, Kamal M Dawood¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
² Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
³ Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
⁴ Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

Abstract

The target mono- and bis-(6-pyrazolyltriazolo-thiadiazine) derivatives 4a-c and 6a-d were synthesized using a straightforward protocol via reaction of 3-bromoacetylpyrazole 2 with 4-amino-s-triazole-3-thiols 3a-c and bis(4-amino-5-mercapto-s-triazol-3-yl)alkanes 5a-d, respectively. The bis(6-pyrazolyl-s-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) derivatives 8a,b and 10 were also constructed by reaction of the triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-thiol 4c with the proper dibromo compounds 7a,b and 9, respectively. Structures of the new substances were determined by spectroscopic and analytical data. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC₅₀ = 3.16, 2.74, and 0.39 μM, respectively) and were safe against the MCF-10A cells. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a also showed promising dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition activities, particularly 6a was the most effective (IC₅₀ = 19.6 and 87.9 nM, respectively), better than Erlotinib and Roscovitine. Compound 6a treatment induced EGFR and CDK-2 enzyme inhibition by 97.18% and 94.11%, respectively, at 10 μM (the highest concentration). Compound 6a notably induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell population by total apoptosis 43.3% compared to 1.29% for the untreated control group, increasing the cell population at the S-phase by 39.2% compared to 18.6% (control).