Effect of print orientation, storage conditions, and storage time on intaglio surface accuracy of implant surgical guides fabricated by using a stereolithography technology

Alma L Salazar Rios; Matthew J Kesterke; George D Pylant 3rd; Abdul B Barmak; Elias D Kontogiorgos; Marta Revilla-León

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.016

Effect of print orientation, storage conditions, and storage time on intaglio surface accuracy of implant surgical guides fabricated by using a stereolithography technology

J Prosthet Dent. 2023 Sep 29:S0022-3913(23)00552-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.016. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Alma L Salazar Rios¹, Matthew J Kesterke², George D Pylant 3rd³, Abdul B Barmak⁴, Elias D Kontogiorgos⁵, Marta Revilla-León⁶

Affiliations

¹ Graduate student, Graduate Program in Prosthodontics, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas.
² Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas.
³ Adjunct Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas.
⁴ Associate Professor, Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
⁵ Clinical Professor and Director, Graduate Program in Prosthodontics, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas.
⁶ Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Faculty and Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Mass.. Electronic address: marta.revilla.leon@gmail.com.

PMID: 37778941
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.08.016

Abstract

Statement of problem: The accuracy of printed implant surgical guides can be affected by different factors that negatively impact the planned implant position. How print orientation, storage time, and conditions influence manufacturing accuracy remains uncertain.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of print orientation, storage conditions, and storage time on the intaglio surface accuracy of implant surgical guides manufactured by using a stereolithography (SLA) printer.

Material and methods: A tooth-supported maxillary implant surgical guide design (control file) was used to fabricate the specimens (N=40, n=10). Four groups were created based on the print orientation used: 0 (Group 0), 45 (Group 45), 70 (Group 70), and 90 degrees (Group 90). The specimens were fabricated using an SLA printer (Form 3B+) and a biocompatible dental resin (Surgical Guide Resin V1) following the manufacturer's recommended protocol. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups based on the storage conditions: light (L subgroup) and dark (D subgroup) settings. Each specimen was digitized by using a desktop scanner (Medit T710) at days 0, 1, 7, and 14. The control file and each digitized specimen were superimposed by using the best-fit technique with a metrology program (Geomagic Control X). The root mean square (RMS) error was used to calculate the discrepancies between the control files and specimen files. Three-way ANOVA and pairwise comparison Tukey tests were used to analyze trueness. The Levene test was used to assess precision (α=.05).

Results: Significant trueness discrepancies were found among the groups tested (P<.001), but no significant differences were found among the subgroups (P=.100) and the storage times analyzed (P=.609). Additionally, the Tukey test showed significant RMS error mean value discrepancies between Group 0 and Group 45 (P<.001), Group 0 and Group 90 (P<.001), Group 45 and Group 70 (P<.001), and Group 70 and Group 90 (P<.001). The Levene test revealed significant SD discrepancies among the groups tested (P<.05).

Conclusions: The trueness and precision of the intaglio surface of the implant surgical guides manufactured by using the printer and material tested were affected by the print orientation. However, storage conditions over a 14-day period did not impact the intaglio accuracy of the specimens.