A three-year free-air experimental assessment of ozone risk on the perennial Vitis vinifera crop species

Bárbara Baesso Moura; Jacopo Manzini; Elena Paoletti; Yasutomo Hoshika

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122626

A three-year free-air experimental assessment of ozone risk on the perennial Vitis vinifera crop species

Environ Pollut. 2023 Dec 1:338:122626. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122626. Epub 2023 Sep 29.

Authors

Bárbara Baesso Moura¹, Jacopo Manzini², Elena Paoletti³, Yasutomo Hoshika³

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy. Electronic address: barbara.baessomoura@cnr.it.
² Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
³ Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System (ITINERIS), Tito Scalo 85050 (Potenza), Italy.

PMID: 37778493
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122626

Abstract

Tropospheric ozone (O₃) is an oxidative air pollutant that promotes damage to several crops, including grapevine, which is considered moderately resistant to O₃ stress. To study the O₃ effect on this perennial crop species under realistic environmental conditions, a three-year experiment was performed using an innovative O₃-FACE facility located in the Mediterranean climate region, where the target species, Vitis vinifera cv. "Cabernet sauvignon", was exposed to three O₃ levels: ambient (AA), 1.5 × ambient (×1.5), and 2 × ambient (×2.0). A stomatal conductance model parameterization was conducted, and O₃-exposure (AOT40) and flux-based indices (PODy) were estimated. An assessment of O₃-induced visible foliar injury (O₃_VFI) was conducted by estimating VFI_Incidence (percentage of symptomatic leaves per branch) and VFI_Severity (average percentage of O₃_VFI surface in symptomatic leaves). Biomass parameters were used to assess the cumulative O₃ effect and calculate the most appropriate critical levels (CL) for a 5% yield loss and for the induction of 5, 10, and 15% of O₃_VFI. We confirmed that the O₃ effect on this grapevine variety VFI was cumulative and that POD₀ values accumulated over the two or three years preceding the assessment were better related to the response variables than single-year values, with the response increasing with increasing O₃ level. The estimated CL for 5% yield loss based on the O₃-exposure index was 25 ppm h AOT40 and 21 or 23 ppm h for a 10% of VFI_Incidence or VFI_Severity, respectively. The suggested flux-based index value for 5% yield loss was 5.2 POD₃ mmol m^-2, and for 10% of VFI_Incidence or VFI_Severity, the values were 7.7 or 8.6 POD₃ mmol m^-2, respectively. The results presented in this study demonstrate that O₃ risk assessment for this grapevine varietyproduces consistent and comparable results when using either yield or O₃_VFI as response parameter.

Keywords: Critical level; FACE; Grape; Surface ozone pollution; Visible foliar injury.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants* / analysis
Air Pollutants* / toxicity
Biomass
Crops, Agricultural
Ozone* / analysis
Plant Leaves / chemistry
Vitis*

Substances

Ozone
Air Pollutants