This is the first surveillance report since the annual update of a living systematic review on cannabis and other plant-based treatments for chronic pain.
The systematic review synthesizes evidence on the benefits and harms of plant-based compounds (PBCs), such as cannabinoids and kratom, used to treat chronic pain, and addresses concerns about severe adverse effects, abuse, misuse, dependence, and addiction.
The purpose of this surveillance report is to describe new studies identified since the last search (April 2022) and provide a synthesis of the accumulated evidence. Surveillance update reports are planned on a quarterly basis, and the systematic review will be updated annually. The systematic review is available on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) website (