In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Piper betle Extracts against Soft Rot Disease-Causing Bacteria

Punyisa Charirak; Rapeepun Prajantasan; Kantapon Premprayoon; Nikom Srikacha; Khakhanang Ratananikom

doi:10.1155/2023/5806841

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Piper betle Extracts against Soft Rot Disease-Causing Bacteria

Scientifica (Cairo). 2023 Sep 19:2023:5806841. doi: 10.1155/2023/5806841. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Punyisa Charirak¹, Rapeepun Prajantasan², Kantapon Premprayoon³, Nikom Srikacha⁴, Khakhanang Ratananikom²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand.
² Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand.
³ Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
⁴ Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand.

Abstract

Soft rot disease affects a range of crops in the field and also during transit and storage, resulting in significant yield losses and negative economic impacts. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activities and mode of action of Piper betle extracts against the soft rot disease-causing bacteria, Erwinia caratovora subsp. caratovora (ECC). Dried leaves of P. betle were extracted with water, ethanol, and hexane solvents and evaluated for their antibacterial activity. The results showed the highest antibacterial activity against ECC in the ethanol extract, followed by hexane and water extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1.562, 6.25, and more than 12.50 mg/mL, respectively. The time-kill assay indicated a bactericidal mode of action. ECC growth was destroyed within 6 and 8 hours after treatment with the ethanol extract at 4-fold MIC and 2-fold MIC, respectively. The ethanol extract of P. betle showed promising activity against ECC, with the potential for further development as a novel alternative treatment to control phytobacteria.