Quantification of Total Sulfite in Shrimps by BIOFISH 300 SUL Method: First Action 2021.09

Abstract

Background: Sulfite is the oldest and most widely used additive in our food supply with antioxidant and preservative properties. Due to its allergenic-like reactions and other adverse health effects, its use is regulated by international regulatory bodies. Therefore, food industries as well as regulatory laboratories must ensure that the maximum concentration of sulfite permitted is not exceeded. The AOAC INTERNATIONAL-approved official method for the quantification of sulfites is the Optimized Monier-Williams Method (AOAC Official Method 990.28), which consists of a time-consuming titration.

Objective: The present study aims to demonstrate the reliability of the BIOFISH 300 SUL, a simple, fast, and accurate method, as an alternative, for the quantification of total sulfites in shrimp, with a lower LOQ than that of the OMA 990.28, set at 10 mg/Kg.

Methods: The BIOFISH 300 SUL method is a highly specific biosensor based on its proprietary enzyme-based electrode, for the rapid quantification of total sulfite. The test kit consists of an electrochemical reader (biosensor BIOFISH 300) and disposable electrodes (Biotest) that are capable of providing an electrical signal proportional to the amount of sulfite in the sample analyzed. The method mainly consists of the extraction of sulfite from the solid matrix in an aqueous solution, and its subsequent quantification by the device in less than 3 min.

Results: Comparative studies between BIOFISH 300 SUL and OMA 990.28 were conducted for naturally contaminated and spiked samples of raw and boiled shrimp with sulfite levels covering the 7-150 mg/kg range in order to determine linearity, recovery, repeatability, intermediate reproducibility, and accuracy.

Conclusion: The BIOFISH 300 SUL method demonstrated high accuracy and precision for the whole range of quantification (7-150 mg/kg). Its ease of use and fast response make it the ideal technology to be implemented by the industry.

Highlights: BIOFISH 300 SUL was adopted as a First Action Official MethodSM by the AOAC Expert Review Panel for Sulfites in Seafood Methods in February 2021 after rigorous review.