Host-parasite relationship Octopus tehuelchus - Aggregata valdessensis in Patagonian coast, southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Abstract

Histopathology associated with the apicomplexan Aggregata valdessensis in the wild population of Octopus tehuelchus was studied. Moreover, to analyze the impact of the prevalence and infection intensity on the dorsal mantle length, sex, maturity stages, condition index and total hemocyte counts on wild O. tehuelchus, Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) were applied. Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test was used to compare growth parameter (RNA/DNA ratios) in infected and uninfected octopuses. Lesions including hypertrophy of host cells and destruction of the tissue organ architecture as well as the replacement of host tissue by parasites were associated with infection. The infection caused an inflammatory defensive response in form of hemocytic infiltration.. The prevalence of apicomplexan increased with octopus dorsal mantle length (GLM, t = 2.68; p = 0.007). Infection intensity was significantly higher in male octopus (GLM, t = 2.69; p = 0.009) and decreased at higher temperatures in both sexes (GLM, t = -2.42; p = 0.018). The digestive gland condition index did not significantly vary with infection intensity, and no significant relationship between total hemocyte counts and coccidian infection was found (Lineal Model, t = 0.46; p = 0.64). The acid nucleic ratio was significantly lower in octopuses infected by A. valdessensis (Kruskal Wallis test, H = 4.8; p = 0.02), suggesting a detrimental effect on O. tehuelchus growth caused by the coccidian.

Keywords: Coccidian pathology; Histopathology; Octopus tehuelchus.