Case-Control Trials on Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yan Yang; Jianwei Shi; Jiaoling Huang; Mingwang Cheng; Shasha Geng; Wenya Yu; Ning Chen; Chen Chen; Zhaoxin Wang

doi:10.18502/ijph.v52i8.13397

Case-Control Trials on Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Iran J Public Health. 2023 Aug;52(8):1578-1588. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v52i8.13397.

Authors

Yan Yang¹, Jianwei Shi², Jiaoling Huang², Mingwang Cheng¹, Shasha Geng³, Wenya Yu², Ning Chen², Chen Chen⁴, Zhaoxin Wang^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ School of Economics & Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
² School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
³ General Practice Medicine, Dongfang Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Shanghai Jing'an District Jiangning Road Community Health Service Centre, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
⁶ School of Management, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.

Abstract

Background: The single risk factors of pancreatic cancer (PC) has been extensively studied. We aimed to synthesize results from such studies to identify and estimate multiple independent risk factors of PC.

Methods: Articles published up to Feb 28, 2020 in English or Chinese reporting risk factors of PC were reviewed. The fixed-effects model with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to calculate the pooled Odds Ratio (OR). Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3.

Results: PC was significantly associated with smoking (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.61-1.92, P < 0.00001, I² = 6%), diabetes (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 2.52-2.88, P < 0.00001, I² = 0%), family history of PC (OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 2.13-3.11, P < 0.00001, I² = 0%), and chronic pancreatitis (OR: 5.84, 95% CI: 3.63-9.41, P < 0.00001, I² = 0%).

Conclusion: Smoking, diabetes, family history of PC, and chronic pancreatitis were independent risk factors for PC. These independent risk factors have an important role in identifying high-risk groups, which is of great significance to reduce the incidence of PC and improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

Keywords: Case-control trials; Meta-analysis; Pancreatic cancer; Risk factor; Systemic review.

Publication types

Review