Decreased rate of blood donors with high ABO antibody titers in Japan and the underlying factors: Comparisons between 2010 and 2021

Masamichi Mikame; Nelson Hirokazu Tsuno; Yoshino Miura; Hideaki Kitazaki; Daisuke Uchimura; Toru Miyazaki; Toru Miyagi; Takayuki Onodera; Wataru Ohashi; Takahiro Kameda; Ryunosuke Ohkawa; Shuichi Kino; Kazuo Muroi

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2023.103812

Decreased rate of blood donors with high ABO antibody titers in Japan and the underlying factors: Comparisons between 2010 and 2021

Transfus Apher Sci. 2023 Dec;62(6):103812. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103812. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Clinical Bioanalysis and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: m-mikame.nc@ktks.bbc.jrc.or.jp.
² Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
³ Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido Block Blood Center, 1-1-20, Niju-Yonken-Nijo, Nishi-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, Japan.
⁴ Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, 2-1-67, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
⁶ Clinical Bioanalysis and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Clinical Bioanalysis and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 37734993
DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103812

Abstract

Background and objectives: Previously (2007), it was reported that ABO antibody titers in Japanese blood donors had decreased significantly compared to 20 years before. Here we evaluated whether further decrease of antibody titers had occurred in recent years, and the potential factors associated with changes in antibody titers.

Materials and methods: Serum/plasma from random blood donors in 2010 and 2021 (2010: 3369, 2021: 5796 donors) was classified into low, middle, and high ABO antibody titers according to the reactivity of diluted serum/plasma (2.5-fold and 20-fold) by an automated microplate system. The rates of low/high titer in the two periods were compared. Logistic regression and age-gender-BMI subgroup analyses were conducted to identify the factors that contributed to changes in antibody titers.

Results: Compared to 2010, the rate of donors with high ABO antibody titers was decreased in 2021 for both anti-A and anti-B (anti-A, 2010: 23.8%, 2021: 19.3%; anti-B, 2010: 23.8%, 2021: 16.4%). In logistic regression analysis, age was found to significantly affect both anti-A and anti-B antibody titers (anti-A, adjusted odds ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.31-0.41; anti-B, 0.42, 0.37-0.47), and BMI (0.82, 0.73-0.92) and other time-related factors (0.79, 0.71-0.88) significantly affect anti-B antibody titers. Subgroup analysis revealed decreased rate of high anti-B titers in the higher age group in 2021.

Conclusion: The rate of high ABO antibody titers, especially high anti-B titers, was significantly decreased in 2021, and our results suggested an association with aging and obesity of blood donors as well as other time-related factors.

Keywords: Age; Anti-A/B antibody titers; BMI; Environmental factors; Gender.

MeSH terms

ABO Blood-Group System
Antibodies*
Blood Donors*
Blood Group Incompatibility
Humans
Japan

Substances

Antibodies
ABO Blood-Group System