Boron contamination and related health risk assessment in the soils collected from olive groves in İzmir province, Türkiye

Memet Varol; Aişe Deliboran; Halil Aytop; Özgür Ateş

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140210

Boron contamination and related health risk assessment in the soils collected from olive groves in İzmir province, Türkiye

Chemosphere. 2023 Dec:343:140210. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140210. Epub 2023 Sep 20.

Authors

Memet Varol¹, Aişe Deliboran², Halil Aytop³, Özgür Ateş⁴

Affiliations

¹ Malatya Turgut Özal University, Agriculture Faculty, Aquaculture Department, Malatya, Turkey. Electronic address: memet.varol@ozal.edu.tr.
² Olive Research Institute, İzmir, Turkey.
³ East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research of Institute, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
⁴ Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute, 26002, Eskişehir, Turkey.

PMID: 37734499
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140210

Abstract

Although boron (B) is an essential element for plants, high levels are also toxic. In this respect, pollution of soils by B may pose a serious problem for ecosystem and human health. On the other hand, studies evaluating the ecological and human health risks that may arise due to B contamination in agricultural soils are limited. In this study, it was aimed to determine the B pollution degree of the soils taken from the olive groves of İzmir province, which is approximately 180 km away from the B deposits in the Bigadiç district. In addition, the factors affecting boron adsorption and availability were discussed and the ecological and health risks of boron were evaluated. For this, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-30 cm from 118 olive groves and their B, Al, Fe, pH and organic matter contents were determined. The mean B content (47.08 mg/kg) of the study area was comparable to world-soil average B concentration (42 mg/kg). Also, B had a "low potential ecological risk" in the study area according to the ecological risk index results. On the other hand, based on the results of contamination factor (Cf) and enrichment factor (EF), "moderate contamination" and "significant enrichment" were found in the study area for B. These findings indicated that the B content in the study area is mainly related to the soil parent material, but irrigation water also contributes slightly to B content. Correlation analysis results suggested that Al and Fe contents of the soils in the study area may have an effect on B adsorption. The results of health risk assessment indicated non-carcinogenic effects are not expected for adults and children exposed to soil B content by ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation.

Keywords: Boron; Health risk assessment; Irrigation water; Pollution status; soil contamination.