Effects of prolonged fluoride exposure on innate immunity, intestinal mechanical, and immune barriers in mice

Yan Wang; Jing Xu; Hang Chen; Yuanbin Shu; Weiqi Peng; Chunxiao Lai; Ruiyang Kong; Ruiyang Lan; Lijing Huang; Jinge Xin; Ning Sun; Xueqin Ni; Yang Bai; Bangyuan Wu

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105019

Effects of prolonged fluoride exposure on innate immunity, intestinal mechanical, and immune barriers in mice

Res Vet Sci. 2023 Nov:164:105019. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105019. Epub 2023 Sep 14.

Authors

Yan Wang¹, Jing Xu², Hang Chen³, Yuanbin Shu³, Weiqi Peng⁴, Chunxiao Lai⁴, Ruiyang Kong³, Ruiyang Lan³, Lijing Huang³, Jinge Xin⁵, Ning Sun⁵, Xueqin Ni⁵, Yang Bai⁴, Bangyuan Wu⁶

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China.
² Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641112, China.
³ College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, PR China.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁵ Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
⁶ College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, PR China. Electronic address: wubangyuan2008@163.com.

PMID: 37729784
DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105019

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of fluoride on the innate immunity, intestinal mechanical barrier, and immune barrier of C57BL/6 mice, as well as to analyze the degree of structural and tissue damage, providing reference data for related research. Mice were randomly divided into four groups and then treated with 0 mg/L (control), 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 125 mg/L sodium fluoride solution, respectively, for 120 days. Histological technique, ELISA, MTT colorimetry methods were used to detect and analyze the effects of different concentrations of fluoride on the intestinal morphology, mechanical barrier and the immune functions and innate immunity of mice. The results showed that compared with the control group, the villi were injured in different degrees of the three fluoride groups, the number of goblet cells, the protein expression levels of connexin ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin, the content of Diamine Oxidase (DAO), endotoxin (ET) and D-lactic acid (D-LA), the activity of natural killer cell (NK cells), the number and percentage of neutrophils and erythrocytes, the phagocytic rate of neutrophils, and the rate of C3bR rosette (which is formed by the adhesion of C3b receptors on the red blood cell membrane to complement sensitized yeast) and IC rosette (which is formed by the adhesion of C3b molecules in the immunecomplex adhered to the red blood cell membrane to non sensitized yeast) of red blood cells, the content of interlenkin 1 beta (IL-1β) and interlenkin 8 (IL-8), the number and percentage of lymphocytes decreased with the increasing of fluoride concentration. In addition, the content of the Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) showed a trend of increase at first and then decrease in salivary gland and jejunum. It is concluded that excessive intake of fluoride for a long time has a certain damage effect on the intestinal tract, leading to an increase in the permeability of the intestinal tract, thereby destroying the mechanical and immune barrier function of the intestinal tract.

Keywords: Fluoride; Immune barrier; Innate immunity; Intestine; Mechanical barrier.

MeSH terms

Animals
Fluorides* / pharmacology
Immunity, Innate
Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
Intestines / pathology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Saccharomyces cerevisiae*

Substances

Fluorides