Effect of viscous soluble dietary fiber on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials

Kun Lu; Tingqing Yu; Xinyi Cao; Hui Xia; Shaokang Wang; Guiju Sun; Liang Chen; Wang Liao

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1253312

Effect of viscous soluble dietary fiber on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials

Front Nutr. 2023 Aug 31:10:1253312. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1253312. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Kun Lu¹, Tingqing Yu¹, Xinyi Cao¹, Hui Xia¹, Shaokang Wang¹, Guiju Sun¹, Liang Chen², Wang Liao¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
² Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.

Abstract

Background: The effect of viscous soluble dietary fiber on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial, and the dose-response relationship of its effect on blood glucose and blood lipid level is still unclear.

Methods: We conducted comprehensive searches in several databases up to 17 January 2023. We conducted a dose-response analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the effect of viscous dietary fiber on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.

Results: Statistical significance was observed in the decreases of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (mean difference) [MD = -0.47; 95%CI: (-0.66, -0.27)], fasting blood glucose (FBG) [MD = -0.93; 95%CI: (-1.46, -0.41)], total cholesterol (TC) [MD = -0.33; 95%CI: (-0.46, -0.21)], and low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol (LDL-C) [MD = -0.24; 95%CI: (-0.35, -0.13)]. Contrarily, no difference was observed regarding the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or triglyceride (TG). In addition, the effect on fasting insulin remains unclear. Results from the subgroup analyses showed that an intervention duration longer than 6 weeks had a significant effect on the HbA1c level; a treatment dosage higher than 8.3 g/day had a significant effect on the FBG level.

Conclusions: Supplementation of viscous dietary fiber is beneficial to control blood glucose and blood lipid in T2DM.

Keywords: RCTs; blood glucose; blood lipid; glucose and lipid metabolism; meta-analysis; viscous soluble dietary fiber.

Publication types

Systematic Review

Grants and funding

This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82103834) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. WL is the recipient of the Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2021QNRC001) and the Zhishan Young Scholar Award of the Southeast University. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.