Developing a Ruthenium(III) Complex to Trigger Gasdermin E-Mediated Pyroptosis and an Immune Response Based on Decitabine and Liposomes: Targeting Inhibition of Gastric Tumor Growth and Metastasis

J Med Chem. 2023 Sep 28;66(18):13072-13085. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01110. Epub 2023 Sep 13.

Abstract

To develop next-generation metal drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity for targeting inhibition of gastric tumor growth and metastasis, we not only optimized a series of ruthenium (Ru, III) 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complexes to obtain a Ru(III) complex (4b) with remarkable cytotoxicity in vitro but also constructed a 4b-decitabine (DCT)/liposome (Lip) delivery system (4b-DCT-Lip). The in vivo results showed that 4b-DCT-Lip not only had a stronger capacity to inhibit gastric tumor growth and metastasis than 4b-DCT but also addressed the co-delivery problems of 4b-DCT and improved their targeting ability. Furthermore, we confirmed the mechanism of 4b-DCT/4b-DCT-Lip inhibiting the growth and metastasis of a gastric tumor. DCT-upregulated gasdermin E (GSDME) was cleaved by 4b-activated caspase-3 to afford GSDME-N terminal and then was aggregated to form nonselective pores on the cell membrane of a gastric tumor, thereby inducing pyroptosis and a pyroptosis-induced immune response.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Decitabine
  • Gasdermins
  • Humans
  • Liposomes
  • Pyroptosis
  • Ruthenium* / metabolism
  • Ruthenium* / pharmacology
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Liposomes
  • Decitabine
  • Gasdermins
  • Ruthenium
  • Caspase 3