The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and associated factors in first-episode psychosis

Abstract

Aim: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in people with established psychotic disorders, but less is known about vitamin D levels in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in people with FEP and identify the factors associated with vitamin D status.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial, which included 37 young people with an FEP with minimal antipsychotic medication exposure.

Results: Twenty-four percent of participants were vitamin D deficient, and a further 30% were vitamin D insufficient. There was no association between vitamin D and demographic factors or clinical symptoms (positive, negative, general psychopathology and depressive symptoms) or cognition and functioning. However, vitamin D levels were associated with season of sampling.

Conclusions: Considering the longer-term adverse effects associated with vitamin D deficiency, it is warranted to ensure this clinical population receives supplementation if indicated.

Keywords: cognition; psychopathology; psychotic disorders; schizophrenia; vitamin D.