Thioredoxin-1 promotes the restoration of alveolar bone in periodontitis with diabetes

Jinyan Wu; Yaxian Huang; Chi Zhan; Lingling Chen; Zhengmei Lin; Zhi Song

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107618

Thioredoxin-1 promotes the restoration of alveolar bone in periodontitis with diabetes

iScience. 2023 Aug 11;26(9):107618. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107618. eCollection 2023 Sep 15.

Authors

Jinyan Wu^{1

2}, Yaxian Huang¹, Chi Zhan¹, Lingling Chen¹, Zhengmei Lin¹, Zhi Song¹

Affiliations

¹ Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China.
² Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China.

Abstract

Treatment of periodontitis in people with diabetes remains challenging. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) in periodontitis with diabetes, as well as its role in modulating osteogenic differentiation. Our findings indicated that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was elevated, while the expression of TRX1 was significantly reduced in the periodontal tissues of periodontitis mice with diabetes. Furthermore, knockdown of TRX1 in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) resulted in the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation through disrupting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, this inhibition was restored upon administration of recombinant human TRX1 (rhTRX1). Importantly, rhTRX1 treatment decreased ROS generation, activated Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and considerably promoted the alveolar bone repair of periodontitis mice with diabetes. These findings highlighted the crucial protective role of TRX1 in periodontitis with diabetes and suggested that it may serve as a potential therapeutic target for refractory periodontitis associated with oxidative stress.

Keywords: Cell biology; Molecular biology; Orthopedics.