Midterm Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair in Olympic Volleyball Players: Return to Sports and Return to Performance

Giuseppe Porcellini; Nezih Ziroglu; Elisa De Santis; Gian Mario Micheloni; Luigi Tarallo; Andrea Giorgini

doi:10.1177/23259671231186820

Midterm Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair in Olympic Volleyball Players: Return to Sports and Return to Performance

Orthop J Sports Med. 2023 Aug 16;11(8):23259671231186820. doi: 10.1177/23259671231186820. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Authors

Giuseppe Porcellini¹, Nezih Ziroglu², Elisa De Santis³, Gian Mario Micheloni¹, Luigi Tarallo¹, Andrea Giorgini¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.
² Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Acibadem University, Acibadem Atakent Hospital, Kucukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey.
³ Poliambulatorio Shoulder Team, Forli, Italy.

Abstract

Background: The decision-making process and predicting the time to return to sport (RTS) and return to performance (RTP) after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) in elite volleyball players are difficult issues to address, even among experienced shoulder surgeons.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the results in Olympic-level volleyball players treated with arthroscopic supraspinatus repair and to report the RTS and the RTP. It was hypothesized that these athletes had higher RTS and faster RTP.

Study design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: This study included 17 elite volleyball athletes (11 male, 6 female; mean age, 26.2 years) who underwent ARCR for partial- and full-thickness supraspinatus tears that did not improve despite nonoperative treatment. The clinical results were evaluated at 12 months postoperatively. The authors compared the athletes' preoperative, 6-month, and 12-month Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) scores and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain after competition and conducted 6- and 12-month isometric strength analyses. The athletes' RTS and RTP times were recorded.

Results: All tears were on the dominant side (15 right, 2 left), and 82% were partial tears (14 partial thickness, 3 full thickness). The mean time from the onset of symptoms to surgery was 11.3 ± 6.7 months. While the mean Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic score was 31 preoperatively, it was 89 after 6 months (P < .001 vs preoperative) and 96 after 12 months (P = .003 vs 6 months). The mean VAS for pain was 7.9 preoperatively, 0.4 at 6 months (P < .001 vs preoperative), and 0.1 at 12 months (P = .02 vs 6 months). All athletes were able to reach their preinjury level, with RTS at a mean of 6.9 months and RTP at a mean of 12.4 months.

Conclusion: ARCR appears to be an effective option for Olympic-level volleyball players who do not benefit from nonoperative treatment. All athletes returned to their preinjury level of sports. The surgeon and athlete can plan surgical decision-making and timing based on the mean RTS time of 6.9 months and mean RTP time of 12.4 months.

Keywords: Olympic athletes; beach volleyball; elite athletes; overuse; rotator cuff tear, partial rotator cuff repair; sports injury; supraspinatus tear; volleyball.