Cytomorphological Spectrum of Head and Neck Lesions by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Care Center

Amandeep Kaur; Sonali Poonia; Karandeep Singh; Dalbir Kaur; Mohit Madhukar; Ravish Godara

doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_418_22

Cytomorphological Spectrum of Head and Neck Lesions by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Care Center

J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2023 Jul;15(Suppl 1):S315-S317. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_418_22. Epub 2023 Jul 5.

Authors

Amandeep Kaur¹, Sonali Poonia², Karandeep Singh², Dalbir Kaur³, Mohit Madhukar⁴, Ravish Godara⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
² Department of Pathology, MAMC, Agroha, Haryana, India.
³ Department of Anatomy, MAMC, Agroha, Haryana, India.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Civil Hospital, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
⁵ Department of Health, Civil Hospital, Fatehabad, Haryana, India.

Abstract

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is considered the first line investigation of choice for evaluating head and neck swellings as it is a quick, safe, and rapid diagnostic procedure.

Material and methods: This is a retrospective study that included 242 cases of head and neck lesions in the Department of Pathology, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha. FNAC was performed by aspiration and non aspiration techniques, and cytological diagnosis was given and correlated with clinical findings and investigations.

Results: The most common age group affected was 21-30 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1.49. Out of 242 cases, maximum lesions were found in lymph nodes (128 cases), followed by thyroid gland in 81 cases, salivary gland in 23 cases, and miscellaneous group in 10 cases. Maximum number of cases reported were inflammatory (55.37%), followed by benign (29.33%) and malignant (11.15%) cases. Most swellings occurring in the head and neck region are inflammatory in nature.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that FNAC is a simple, safe, and minimal invasive technique that differentiates between neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions and avoids unnecessary surgeries.

Keywords: FNAC; head and neck lesions; lymph node; thyroid.