Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare malignancy presenting only 1% of all breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical and pathological prognostic factors of MBC.
Methods: This is a retrospective study including 32 men diagnosed and treated for a primary breast cancer at the department of medical oncology in Sfax between 2005 and 2020.
Results: The incidence of MBC was 1.3%. The median age of our patients was 55 years (range: 29-85 years). The average tumor size of 3.9 cm. Lymph nodes involvement was present in 18 cases (56.2%) with capsular rupture in 52% cases. Tumor was grade II in 71.8 % of cases. The expression of hormonal receptors was founded in 100% of cases. Two patients had an overexpression of HER2 (6.2%). There was no case of triple negative MBC. The OS at 5 and 10 years was 67.8% and 30.8% respectively. Prognostic factors were T4 (p = 0.015), involved nodes (p = 0.035), M+ (p = 0.01), SBR III (p = 0.0001) and HER2+++ (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Contrary to breast cancer in women, our study showed that Tunisian MBC have positive hormone receptors in all cases. Although the overexpression of HER2 was low (8.33%) and there was no case of triple negative MBC, the prognosis was poor because of T4 stage, involved nodes, SBR III and distant metastases.
Keywords: Male breast cancer; prognosis; survival.