β-hydroxybutyrate impairs bovine oocyte maturation via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) associated energy metabolism abnormality

Kai-Yan Zhang; Jing Guo; Cheng-Lin Zhan; Chong-Shan Yuan; Chang-Guo Min; Zhi-Qiang Li; Hong-Yu Liu; Jun Wang; Jing Zhao; Wen-Fa Lu; Xin Ma

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1243243

β-hydroxybutyrate impairs bovine oocyte maturation via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) associated energy metabolism abnormality

Front Pharmacol. 2023 Aug 11:14:1243243. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1243243. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Kai-Yan Zhang^{1

2

3}, Jing Guo^{1

2

3}, Cheng-Lin Zhan^{1

2

3}, Chong-Shan Yuan^{1

2

3}, Chang-Guo Min^{1

2

3}, Zhi-Qiang Li^{1

2

3}, Hong-Yu Liu^{1

2

3}, Jun Wang^{1

2

3}, Jing Zhao^{1

2

3}, Wen-Fa Lu^{1

2

3}, Xin Ma^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of the Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
² Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
³ College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Abstract

Background: Ketosis is one of the most frequent and costly metabolic disorders in high-producing dairy cows, and negatively associated with the health and reproductive performance of bovine. Ketosis is mainly caused by the accumulation of ketone body β-hydroxybutyric acid and its diagnosis is based on β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) concentration in blood. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of βHB on bovine oocyte maturation in the concentration of subclinical (1.2 mM) βHB and clinical (3.6 mM). Results: The results showed βHB disrupted bovine oocyte maturation and development capacity. Further analysis showed that βHB induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, as indicated by the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupted mitochondrial structure and distribution, and depolarized membrane potential. Furthermore, oxidative stress triggered early apoptosis, as shown by the enhanced levels of Caspase-3 and Annexin-V. Moreover, 3.6 mM βHB induced the disruption of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, showing with the decrease of the global acetylation modification and the increase of the abnormal spindle rate. Conclusion: Our study showed that βHB in subclinical/clinical concentration had toxic effects on mitochondrial function and PDH activity, which might affect energy metabolism and epigenetic modification of bovine oocytes and embryos.

Keywords: PDH; acetylation modification; bovine reproductive performance; oocyte maturation; β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB).

Grants and funding

This research was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFD1200401); Innovative Entrepreneurial Talent Project of Jilin Province (2022QN13); National Natural Science Foundation of China International Cooperative Research and Exchange Program (31861143014); China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-37).