Methods of Analysis and Identification of Betulin and Its Derivatives

Altynaray T Takibayeva; Gulistan K Zhumabayeva; Abdigali A Bakibaev; Olga V Demets; Maria V Lyapunova; Elena A Mamaeva; Rakhmetulla Sh Yerkassov; Rymchan Z Kassenov; Marat K Ibrayev

doi:10.3390/molecules28165946

Methods of Analysis and Identification of Betulin and Its Derivatives

Molecules. 2023 Aug 8;28(16):5946. doi: 10.3390/molecules28165946.

Authors

Altynaray T Takibayeva¹, Gulistan K Zhumabayeva², Abdigali A Bakibaev³, Olga V Demets¹, Maria V Lyapunova³, Elena A Mamaeva⁴, Rakhmetulla Sh Yerkassov², Rymchan Z Kassenov⁵, Marat K Ibrayev⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, NJSC Karaganda Technical University Named after Abylkas Saginov, Karaganda 100027, Kazakhstan.
² Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
³ Chemical Faculty, National Research Tomsk State University, 634028 Tomsk, Russia.
⁴ Chemical Faculty, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.
⁵ Department of Organic Chemistry and Polymers, Chemistry Faculty, NJSC Karaganda University Named after Y.A. Buketov, Karaganda 100024, Kazakhstan.

Abstract

This scientific work presents practical and theoretical material on the methods of analysis and identification of betulin and its key derivatives. The properties of betulin and its derivatives, which are determined by the structural features of this class of compounds and their tendency to form dimers, polymorphism and isomerization, are considered. This article outlines ways to improve not only the bioavailability but also the solubility of triterpenoids, as well as any hydrophobic drug substances, through chemical transformations by introducing various functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, phosphate/phosphonate and carbonyl. The authors of this article summarized the physicochemical characteristics of betulin and its compounds, systematized the literature data on IR and NMR spectroscopy and gave the melting temperatures of key acids and aldehydes based on betulin.

Keywords: betulin; bioavailability; chemical transformation; the solubility of pentacyclic triterpenoids.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP AP08856688-OT-22 Development of methods for the extraction of natural triterpenoids from plants and their chemical transformation in order to investigate for new biologically active substances). This study was supported by the Tomsk State University Development Programme (Priority 2030).