Lysophospholipid acyltransferases orchestrate the compositional diversity of phospholipids

William J Valentine; Takao Shimizu; Hideo Shindou

doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.012

Lysophospholipid acyltransferases orchestrate the compositional diversity of phospholipids

Biochimie. 2023 Dec:215:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.012. Epub 2023 Aug 21.

Authors

William J Valentine¹, Takao Shimizu², Hideo Shindou³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan. Electronic address: wvalentine@ncnp.go.jp.
² Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan.
³ Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Department of Lipid Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. Electronic address: hshindou@ri.ncgm.go.jp.

PMID: 37611890
DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.012

Abstract

Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs), in concert with glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) and phospholipase A_1/2s, orchestrate the compositional diversity of the fatty chains in membrane phospholipids. Fourteen LPLAT enzymes which come from two distinct families, AGPAT and MBOAT, have been identified, and in this mini-review we provide an overview of their roles in de novo and remodeling pathways of membrane phospholipid biosynthesis. Recently new nomenclature for LPLATs has been introduced (LPLATx, where x is a number 1-14), and we also give an overview of key biological functions that have been discovered for LPLAT1-14, revealed primarily through studies of LPLAT-gene-deficient mice as well as by linkages to various human diseases.

Keywords: Cellular membrane; Fatty acid; Glycerophospholipid; Lysophospholipid acyltransferase.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase* / genetics
1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase* / metabolism
Acyltransferases / metabolism
Animals
Humans
Lysophospholipids
Mice
Phospholipids* / metabolism

Substances

1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase
Phospholipids
Lysophospholipids
Acyltransferases