Effects of periodontal cells-derived extracellular vesicles on mesenchymal stromal cell function

Pingping Han; Nigel Johnson; Abdalla Abdal-Hay; Corey S Moran; Carlos Salomon; Sašo Ivanovski

doi:10.1111/jre.13171

Effects of periodontal cells-derived extracellular vesicles on mesenchymal stromal cell function

J Periodontal Res. 2023 Dec;58(6):1188-1200. doi: 10.1111/jre.13171. Epub 2023 Aug 21.

Authors

Pingping Han^{1

2}, Nigel Johnson², Abdalla Abdal-Hay^{3

4}, Corey S Moran², Carlos Salomon⁵, Sašo Ivanovski^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
² School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
³ Department of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
⁴ Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology, Mechatronics Technology Program, New Cairo Technological University, New Cairo, Egypt.
⁵ Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

PMID: 37605485
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13171

Abstract

Objective: To enrich and compare three extracellular vesicles-EV subtypes (apoptotic bodies, microvesicles and small EV) from three periodontal cells (periodontal ligament cells-PDLCs, alveolar bone-derived osteoblasts-OBs and gingival fibroblasts-GFs), and assess uptake and cell function changes in buccal fat pad-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BFP-MSCs).

Background: Periodontal cells such as PDLCs, OBs and GFs have the potential to enhance bone and periodontal regeneration, but face significant challenges, such as the regulatory and cost implications of in vitro cell culture and storage. To address these challenges, it is important to explore alternative 'cell-free' strategies, such as extracellular vesicles which have emerged as promising tools in regenerative medicine, to facilitate osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration.

Methods and materials: Serial centrifuges at 2600 and 16 000 g were used to isolate apoptotic bodies and microvesicles respectively. Small EV-sEV was enriched by our in-house size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The cellular uptake, proliferation, migration and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation genes were analysed after EVs uptake in BFP-MSCs.

Results: Three EV subtypes were enriched and characterised by morphology, particle size and EV-associated protein expression-CD9. Cellular uptake of the three EVs subtypes was observed in BFP-MSCs for up to 7 days. sEV from the three periodontal cells promoted proliferation, migration and osteogenic gene expression. hOBs-sEV showed superior levels of osteogenesis markers compared to that hPDLCs-sEV and hGFs-sEV, while hOBs-16k EV promoted adipogenic gene expression compared to that from hPDLCs and hGFs.

Conclusions: Our proof-of-concept data demonstrate that hOBs-sEV might be an alternative cell-free therapeutic for bone tissue engineering.

Keywords: buccal fat pad-mesenchymal stromal cells; cellular uptake; exosomes; migration; osteogenesis; periodontal cells-derived extracellular vesicles; proliferation.

MeSH terms

Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Differentiation
Cells, Cultured
Extracellular Vesicles* / metabolism
Mesenchymal Stem Cells*
Osteogenesis

Grants and funding

20-162/Osteology Foundation Researcher Grant