In assisted reproductive technology (ART), researchers have tried to predict in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes depending on follicular cells apoptosis. Previous reports suggested the B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (BCL-XL) as an apoptosis inhibitor in mammalian ovaries. Therefore, the present research aimed to correlate BCL-XL expression in blood and concentration in follicular fluid (FF) with some outcomes of IVF. A prospective case-control study on infertile women (n=80, mean age= 31.18± 6.04 years) who underwent an IVF program at Kamal Al-Samarai Hospital (Baghdad/Iraq), July 2021- January 2022. All women were split based on pregnancy outcome into two groups: the non-pregnant group (n=40) and the pregnant group (n=40). Samples of FF and blood were assembled at oocyte retrieval time. The BCL-XL mRNA expression was assessed with the Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time qRT-PCR) technique, whereas the BCL-XL concentration in FF was investigated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The BCL-XL concentration in FF from pregnant group (3.90 ng/ml ±1.16) raised significantly (P = 0.00) compared with non-pregnant group (1.90 ng/ml ± 0.63). Similarly, the BCL-XL mRNA expression in blood from pregnant group (0.73 ±0.31) raised significantly (P = 0.00) compared with non-pregnant group (0.34± 0.12). In addition, FF BCL-XL concentration associated significantly with fertilization rate (r= 0.399, P=0.048). The research proposed that the elevation of anti-apoptotic BCL-XL might assist in diminished apoptosis in pregnant women who underwent IVF treatment.
Keywords: BCL-XL; In vitro fertilization; apoptosis; follicular fluid; pregnancy.