Approach to sialadenitis

Abstract

Objective: To provide family physicians with a practical evidence-based approach to the management of patients with sialadenitis.

Sources of information: MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for English-language research on sialadenitis and other salivary gland disorders, as well as for relevant review articles and guidelines published between 1981 and 2021.

Main message: Sialadenitis refers to inflammation or infection of the salivary glands and is a condition that can be caused by a broad range of processes including infectious, obstructive, and autoimmune. History and physical examination play important roles in directing management, while imaging is often useful to establish a diagnosis. Red flags such as suspected abscess formation, signs of respiratory obstruction, facial paresis, and fixation of a mass to underlying tissue should prompt urgent referral to head and neck surgery or a visit to the emergency department.

Conclusion: Family physicians can play an important role in the diagnosis and management of sialadenitis. Prompt recognition and treatment of the condition can prevent the development of complications.