Exposure scenario and risk assessment of infants and newborns to bisphenols and their derivatives from diapers

Aneta Chabowska; Natalia Jatkowska; Paweł Kubica; Justyna Płotka-Wasylka

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115351

Exposure scenario and risk assessment of infants and newborns to bisphenols and their derivatives from diapers

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Aug 11:262:115351. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115351. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Aneta Chabowska¹, Natalia Jatkowska², Paweł Kubica¹, Justyna Płotka-Wasylka³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
² Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address: natalia.jatkowska@pg.edu.pl.
³ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; BioTechMed Center, Research Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address: juswasyl@pg.edu.pl.

PMID: 37573649
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115351

Abstract

Newborns and infants are more sensitive to harmful compounds such as bisphenols and their derivatives because of their not fully developed detoxification mechanism. Exposure to these substances can lead to developmental problems and health consequences in adulthood. Since disposable baby diapers are used from the first days of life and remain in contact with the baby skin, it seems important to monitor the levels of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in such products. Ultrasound assisted solvent microextraction of porous membrane-packed solid sample (UASE-PMSS) was used in sample preparation. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used at determination step. Bisphenol A was quantified with the highest frequency at 81 % of samples tested, ranging from 5.0 to 520 ng/g. BADGE·2HCl was also quantified in high concentrations (from 6.8 to 530 ng/g), but was found in only 15 % of the tested samples. The daily exposure dose (DED) of bisphenols was calculated. In addition health risk assessment was conducted using previous (4 µg/kg BW) and actual (0.2 ng/kg BW) values of tolerable daily intake (TDI) of bisphenol A recommended by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Keywords: Bisphenols; Children exposure; Disposable baby diapers; Sample preparation; UASE-PMSS-UPLC-MS/MS.