The burden of tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019

Yu Siyu; Li Shihong; Liu Hanzhao; Xu Qiufang; Liu Jingyi; Cai Fengzhu; Xiao Shaotan; He Gengsheng

doi:10.1186/s13690-023-01160-w

The burden of tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019

Arch Public Health. 2023 Aug 8;81(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s13690-023-01160-w.

Authors

Yu Siyu^#^{1

2}, Li Shihong^#², Liu Hanzhao^#², Xu Qiufang³, Liu Jingyi², Cai Fengzhu^#², Xiao Shaotan^#⁴, He Gengsheng^#⁵

Affiliations

¹ School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
² Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China.
³ Shanghai Qingpu Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201799, China.
⁴ Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China. 2290473528@qq.com.
⁵ School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. gshe@shmu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have shown that the risk of tuberculosis (TB) increases dramatically during adolescence. The objective of this article was to analyze the burdens and trends of TB incidence and mortality rates in Asian adolescents and young adults.

Methods: Time series ecological study of TB incidence and mortality rates of adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2019, using data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease website for 5 Asian countries. The annual percentage change was calculated by joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the trends in the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR).

Results: The highest ASIR per 100,000 person-years in 2019 was in Mongolia [74 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 51 to 105)], while the lowest was in Japan [4 (95% UI, 2 to 6)]. The highest ASDR per 100,000 person-years was in Mongolia [2 (95% UI, 1 to 3)], while the lowest was in Japan [0.009 (95% UI, 0.008 to 0.010)]. As the absolute number of cases and deaths decreased from 1990 to 2019, the ASIRs and ASDRs in all five countries also decreased.

Conclusions: Our finding revealed that although all five countries in Asia experienced descending TB incidence and mortality trend in past three decades, the trends were especially significant in developed countries and varied across geographic regions. This study may be crucial in helping policymakers make decisions and allocate appropriate resources to adolescent TB control strategies.

Keywords: Asia; Incidence; Mortality; Trends; Tuberculosis.