National trends in incidence and geographic distribution of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinoma in the Russian Federation

Anastasiya Muntyanu; Feras M Ghazawi; Elena Pastukhova; Andrei Zubarev; Ivan V Litvinov

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1188038

National trends in incidence and geographic distribution of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinoma in the Russian Federation

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 20:10:1188038. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1188038. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Anastasiya Muntyanu¹, Feras M Ghazawi², Elena Pastukhova^{2

3}, Andrei Zubarev¹, Ivan V Litvinov¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
² Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
³ Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Abstract

Keratinocyte Carcinomas (KC), including basal cell and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, are the most common skin cancers in Fitzpatrick phototype I-III individuals, while melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancer types. The incidence of both melanoma and KC is increasing in Russia. KCs' incidence increases from north-to-south across the Russian Federation. In contrast, while melanoma's incidence increases from north-to-south in the eastern part of the country, in the west of Russia a reverse latitude gradient trend is noted, where northern more affluent regions of Russia display higher rates of melanoma than the southern jurisdictions. Furthermore, our detailed analysis of incidence by jurisdiction highlights that affluent northern capital cities have higher rates of melanoma than the surrounding regions. The observed melanoma incidence trends in the western portion of Russia are similar to the findings in the western Europe and opposite of the findings in Canada.

Keywords: Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer; Russian Federation; incidence; keratinocyte carcinoma; melanoma; risk factors.