National trends in prehospital penetrating trauma in 2020 and 2021

Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Oct:72:183-187. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.07.022. Epub 2023 Jul 20.

Abstract

Objective: Prior studies identified increased penetrating trauma rates during the earlier phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is limited study of penetrating trauma rates in 2021 or at a national level. We evaluated trends in prehospital encounters for penetrating trauma in 2020 and 2021 using a national database.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Emergency Medicinal Services (EMS) Information System (NEMSIS) combined 2018-2021 databases of prehospital encounters. We calculated penetrating trauma yearly and monthly rates with 95% confidence; both overall and for each census region. We compared trauma rates in 2020 and 2021 to combined 2018/2019.

Results: There were 67,457 (rate of 0.30%) penetrating traumas in 2018, 86,054 (0.30%) in 2019, 95,750 (0.37%) in 2020, and 98,040 (0.34%) in 2021. Nationally, trauma rates were higher from March 2020 to July 2021 than baseline. Penetrating trauma rates from May-December 2021 were lower than May-December of 2020. All census regions similarly had increased trauma rates during from March 2020 to July 2021.

Conclusion: We identified elevated rates of trauma on 2020 that lasted until July of 2021 that was present in all US census regions.

Keywords: COVID-19; EMS; Trauma.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / therapy
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Wounds, Penetrating* / epidemiology
  • Wounds, Penetrating* / therapy