Photocatalyzed Borylcyclopropanation of Alkenes with a (Diborylmethyl)iodide Reagent

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Sep 18;62(38):e202305175. doi: 10.1002/anie.202305175. Epub 2023 Aug 10.

Abstract

Cyclopropane skeletons play a prominent role in the development of organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a stable, multifunctional (diborylmethyl)iodide reagent (CHI(Bpin)2 ) for the photoinduced cyclopropanation of alkenes, providing an array of 1,2-substituted cyclopropylboronates in good yields. This α-haloboronic ester can be readily synthesized on a multigram scale from commercially available starting materials. Furthermore, the protocol displays high chemo- and diastereoselectivity, excellent functional-group tolerance, and allows for late-stage borylcyclopropanation of complex molecules. Mechanistic studies reveal that the borylcyclopropanation proceeds through a radical addition/polar cyclization pathway mediated by the photocatalyst fac-Ir(ppy)3 and visible light.

Keywords: Boronate Esters; Cyclopropanes; Gem-Diborylalkanes; Photocatalysis; Radicals.