Neopetroside-B alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via mitochondrial protection

Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Sep:165:115232. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115232. Epub 2023 Jul 29.

Abstract

Doxorubicin, a member of the anthracycline family, is a widely prescribed anticancer chemotherapy drug. Unfortunately, cumulative doses of doxorubicin can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to acute or chronic cardiotoxicity. This study demonstrated that Neopetroside-B (NPS-B) protects cardiomyocytes in the presence of doxorubicin. NPS-B improved mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes by increasing ATP production and oxygen consumption rates. On the other hand, NPS-B negatively influenced cancer cell lines by increasing reactive oxygen species. We analyzed NPS-B-influenced metabolites (VIP > 1.0; AUC>0.7; p < 0.05) and proteins (FC > 2.0) and constructed metabolite-protein enrichment, which showed that NPS-B affected uracil metabolism and NAD-binding proteins (e.g., aldehyde dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase) in cardiomyocytes. However, for the cancer cells, NPS-B decreased the NAD+/NADH balance, impairing cell viability. In a xenograft mouse model treated with doxorubicin, NPS-B reduced cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function. NPS-B may be a beneficial intervention to reducing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity with anticancer effects.

Keywords: Cardiotoxicity; Chemotherapy; Dexrazoxane hydrochloride (CID 6918223); Doxorubicin; Doxorubicin (CID 31703); Heart failure; Neopetroside-B.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Cardiotoxicity* / metabolism
  • Doxorubicin
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Cardiac
  • NAD / metabolism

Substances

  • NAD
  • Doxorubicin
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • Antineoplastic Agents