Highly Selective Turn-on Fluorescence Sensor for Cd2+ Ions by Tripodal Organic Ligand

Pavankumar Muralakar; Sasikala Ravi; Parthasarathy Gayathri; Sneha Abraham; Bhagavathsingh Jebasingh; Savarimuthu Philip Anthony; Cheriyan Ebenezer; Rajadurai Vijay Solomon

doi:10.1007/s10895-023-03348-3

Highly Selective Turn-on Fluorescence Sensor for Cd²⁺ Ions by Tripodal Organic Ligand

J Fluoresc. 2024 May;34(3):1229-1240. doi: 10.1007/s10895-023-03348-3. Epub 2023 Jul 31.

Authors

Pavankumar Muralakar¹, Sasikala Ravi², Parthasarathy Gayathri², Sneha Abraham¹, Bhagavathsingh Jebasingh^{3

4}, Savarimuthu Philip Anthony⁵, Cheriyan Ebenezer⁶, Rajadurai Vijay Solomon⁶

Affiliations

¹ Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India.
² School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
³ Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India. jebasinghb@karunya.edu.
⁴ Department of Applied Chemistry, HPLC MASS FACILITY, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, Tamil Nadu, India. jebasinghb@karunya.edu.
⁵ School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India. philip@biotech.sastra.edu.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), University of Madras), Chennai, 600 059, India.

PMID: 37523139
DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03348-3

Abstract

Organic fluorescence sensor for selectively detecting and quantifying toxic heavy metal ions has received significant interest due to their environmental hazards. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a simple tripodal Schiff base ligand (1) based on hydroxy-naphthaldehyde and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) and demonstrated highly selective turn-on fluorescence sensing of Cd²⁺ ions. The free ligand did not show any fluorescence in DMF. In contrast, Cd²⁺ (10^{- 4} M) addition exhibited a strong enhancement of fluorescence at 450 nm. Interestingly, other metal ions including Zn²⁺, which exhibit similar chemistry, did not show any turn-on fluorescence. The concentration-dependent studies of 1 with Cd²⁺ showed the detection limit of 6.78 × 10^{- 8} M. NMR spectra of 1 with Cd²⁺ and computational studies were performed to understand the mechanism of sense.

Keywords: Cadmium Sensors; DFT; Fluorescence sensors; Schiff-Base; Tripod.

Abstract

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