Analysis of real-time PCR Melanocortin 3 (MC3R) gene expression to identify new biomarkers inflammation in tuberculosis

Andi Tenriola; Najdah Hidayah; Subair; Muhammad Nasrum Massi; Handayani Halik; Tri Damayanti; Jafriati; Andi Tenri Ola Rivai

doi:10.1186/s43042-022-00323-8

Analysis of real-time PCR Melanocortin 3 (MC3R) gene expression to identify new biomarkers inflammation in tuberculosis

Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2022;23(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s43042-022-00323-8. Epub 2022 Jul 18.

Authors

Andi Tenriola¹, Najdah Hidayah¹, Subair¹, Muhammad Nasrum Massi², Handayani Halik¹, Tri Damayanti¹, Jafriati³, Andi Tenri Ola Rivai⁴

Affiliations

¹ Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245 Indonesia.
² Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245 Indonesia.
³ Department of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kampus Hijau Bumi Tridharma, Anduonohu, Kec. Kambu, Kota Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara 93232 Indonesia.
⁴ Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin, Makassar, Jl. Sultan Alauddin No. 63, Romangpolong, Kec. Somba Opu, Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan 92113 Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in the era of technological sophistication requires accuracy and speed to provide as much information as possible so that TB treatment can be carried out quickly and precisely. New studies have also begun to be carried out to diagnose TB, one of which is by examining genes, either by looking at polymorphisms, mutations, or expressions. Several previous studies have confirmed the association of MC3R and TB genes with polymorphisms; MC3R is a gene that participates in the regulation of the inflammatory process and is also found in macrophages; therefore, we tried to analyze gene expression in the active TB group, household contacts, and healthy controls for looked at the differences between the three groups and confirmed the correlation of MC3R with TB by seeing which group's gene expression increased the most expression of the three groups so that the results can be considered as a TB diagnostic biomarker in the future.

Methods: This study included 122 people, 49 patients with confirmed TB, 46 close relatives of patients, and 27 healthy controls. This study used a real-time PCR technique to analyze MC3R gene expression in the three groups, and all data were analyzed using Bio-Rad CFXTM software version 3.1 and one-way ANOVA using SPSS 21.0.

Results: The value of MC3R gene expression in the active TB group increased 3.6-fold in the healthy group (p = 0.143), and that of gene expression in the healthy control group increased 1.09-fold in the healthy group (p = 0.007).

Conclusion: There is a relationship between MC3R and TB based on the results of gene expression analysis that increased in the active TB group compared to the household contact group and healthy controls.

Keywords: Gene expression; MC3R; Melanocortin 3; TB; Tuberculosis.