Erythronium Bonds: Noncovalent Interactions Involving Group 5 Elements as Electron-Density Acceptors

Chemistry. 2023 Oct 26;29(60):e202302176. doi: 10.1002/chem.202302176. Epub 2023 Sep 18.

Abstract

Analyses of the Cambridge Structural Database and theoretical calculations (PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level, atoms-in-molecules, natural bond orbital studies) prove the formation of net attractive noncovalent interactions between group 5 elements and electron-rich atoms (neutral or anionic). These kinds of bonding are markedly different from coordination bonds formed by the same elements and possess the distinctive features of σ-hole interactions. The term erythronium bond is proposed to denote these bonds. X-ray structures of vanadate-dependent bromoperoxidases show that these interactions are present also in biological systems.

Keywords: Cambridge Structural Database; haloperoxidase; noncovalent interactions; sigma-hole interactions; vanadium.