Real-time detection of plasma ferritin by electrochemical biosensor developed for biomedical analysis

Abstract

Rapid quantification of plasma ferritin levels holds utmost importance for the effective management of different chronic illnesses. We report the development of a novel biosensor for quantitative and selective detection of ferritin from a drop of blood plasma. Developed electrochemical biosensing platform contains a semiconductor nano-structured decorated screen-printed electrode (SND-SPE). The hydrothermally synthesized ZnO-Mn₃O₄ nanocomposite which has been coated on the electrode surfaces, imparts the specificity in ferritin diagnostics. Cyclic voltametric (CV) measurements with blood plasma shows a prominent reduction peak of ∼ - 0.76 V for specific ferritin reduction. The amperometric sensor shows a known concentration of 0.3 µg/dl ferritin-containing plasma generates 15 µA of current for single-time use. The efficacy of the device is evaluated by detecting ferritin in human plasma samples. The limit of detection and response time of the developed sensor are 0.04 µg/dl and 0.1 s respectively. The layer of ZnO-Mn₃O₄ nanocomposite has played as an excellent catalyst during the specific reduction of Fe³⁺ ion and the merits of the device in terms of high robustness, ultrafast detection, highly stable, low-cost, and a biodegradable sensor, make it attractive for the deployment in point-of-care settings.

Keywords: Amperometry; Biomedical sensor device; Blood-plasma; Ferritin; Nanocomposite; Quantitative detection.