Boosting the Biocontrol Efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11 through Physical and Chemical Mutagens to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease of Tomato Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Dhananjay Kumar Yadav; Venkatappa Devappa; Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap; Narendra Kumar; V S Rana; Kumari Sunita; Dinesh Singh

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11071790

Boosting the Biocontrol Efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11 through Physical and Chemical Mutagens to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease of Tomato Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Microorganisms. 2023 Jul 12;11(7):1790. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071790.

Authors

Dhananjay Kumar Yadav¹, Venkatappa Devappa², Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap³, Narendra Kumar⁴, V S Rana⁵, Kumari Sunita⁶, Dinesh Singh¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
² Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, UHS Campus, Bagalkot, GKVK Post, Bengaluru 560065, India.
³ Molecular Biology Lab, ICAR-NBAIM, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India.
⁴ Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, India.
⁵ Division of Agriculture Chemical, Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
⁶ Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India.

Abstract

Bacterial wilt disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), incited by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith), is a serious agricultural problem in India. In this investigation, chemical mutagenic agents (NTG and HNO₂ treatment) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation have been used to enhance the antagonistic property of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11 against R. solanacearum UTT-25 towards an effective management of tomato wilt disease. The investigation established the fact that maximum inhibition to R. solanacearum UTT-25 was exerted by the derivative strain MHNO₂-20 treated with nitrous acid (HNO₂) and then by the derivative strain MNTG-21 treated with NTG. The exertion was significantly higher than that of the parent B. amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11. These two potential derivatives viz. MNTG-21, MHNO₂-20 along with MUV-19, and a wild derivative strain of B. amyloliquefaciens i.e.,DSBA-11 were selected for GC/MS analysis. Through this analysis 18 major compounds were detected. Among the compounds thus detected, the compound 3-isobutyl hexahydropyrrolo (1,2), pyrazine-1,4-dione (4.67%) was at maximum proportion in the variant MHNO₂-20 at higher retention time (RT) of 43.19 s. Bio-efficacy assessment observed a record of minimum intensity (9.28%) in wilt disease and the highest bio-control (88.75%) in derivative strain MHNO₂-20-treated plants after 30 days of inoculation. The derivative strain MHNO₂-20, developed by treating B. amyloliquefaciens with nitrous acid (HNO₂), was therefore found to have a higher bio-efficacy to control bacterial wilt disease of tomato under glasshouse conditions than a wild-type strain.

Keywords: Ralstonia solanacearum; bacterial wilt; biological control; mutagens; nitrous acid; tomato.

Grants and funding

The funds received from the Outreach project on Phytophthora, Fusarium and Ralstonia Diseases of Horticultural and Field Crops sponsored by ICAR, New Delhi for conducting various experiments.