Objectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the effectiveness of autogenous dentin block graft prepared chairside for alveolar ridge augmentation and compare its clinical outcomes to the main available grafting materials and techniques.
Materials and methods: Three databases were screened, including prospective clinical studies, utilizing autogenous dentin blocks for ridge augmentation, with at least 3 months of postoperative follow-up.
Results: Eight articles were included, and four of them were meta-analyzed. Dentin blocks demonstrated similar vertical bone gain and significantly higher width gain, compared to bone blocks (WMD = 0.03, 95% CI -0.51 to 0.57, p = .92 and WMD = 1.34, 95% CI 0.57 to 2.12, p = .0007, respectively). Vertical and horizontal resorption were similar between the two groups (WMD = -0.36, 95% CI -0.91 to 0.18, p = .19, and WMD = -0.47, 95% CI -1.05 to 0.11, p = .11, respectively). Dentin blocks showed more incidences of postoperative complications, however, with no statistical significance (RR = 4.30, 95% CI 0.97 to 18.96, p = .054). The need for additional augmentation upon implant placement was also similar between both grafts (RR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.39 to 2.28, p = .90). Recorded incidences of graft exposure were low (2.27%), and no study stated surgical site infection.
Conclusion: Within its limitations, this study indicates that the autogenous dentin blocks prepared chairside could be a possible alternative to the other established bone augmentation techniques for staged ridge augmentation. Nevertheless, future studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and implant success/survival in sites grafted with this material.
Keywords: alveolar bone grafting; alveolar ridge augmentation; bone substitutes; dental implants; tooth extraction.
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