An Assessment of the Knowledge of Oral Isotretinoin (Roaccutane) Treatment Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia

Azizah M Malebari; Hussain T Bakhsh; Renad M Musairi; Jumana O Alghamdi; Albatoul A Alhaddad

doi:10.7759/cureus.40388

An Assessment of the Knowledge of Oral Isotretinoin (Roaccutane) Treatment Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia

Cureus. 2023 Jun 13;15(6):e40388. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40388. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Authors

Azizah M Malebari¹, Hussain T Bakhsh², Renad M Musairi³, Jumana O Alghamdi³, Albatoul A Alhaddad³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
² Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
³ Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.

Abstract

Background: Oral isotretinoin (Roaccutane) is one of the most effective treatments for severe acne. However, it displays significant side effects such as teratogenicity and psychological adverse events. Previous studies have reported inadequate awareness of community pharmacists and the general population regarding the medication's potential risks and adverse effects. The aim of this study is to assess pharmacy students' awareness and knowledge about the appropriate use of oral isotretinoin (known as Roaccutane) and its associated side effects in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that uses a validated online questionnaire adopted from the literature distributed among pharmacy students between September 2021 and November 2021.

Results: This study includes 1044 pharmacy students from multiple regions of Saudi Arabia. Among the total number of students included, 47.5% of the participants had used oral isotretinoin before or had a close family member who had used it previously. The most well-known side effect reported is skin dryness (87.7%), followed by teratogenicity (45.2%) and depression (37.9%). Most of the students (90.6%) know that isotretinoin's use is contraindicated in pregnancy. Despite this, only 39.6% of the participants state that married women of childbearing age using isotretinoin must utilize two types of contraception. There was a significant difference between genders in their knowledge about the side effects of the medication (P=0.01), as well as the safety precautions that women of childbearing age should take while taking the medication, as females had better knowledge and understanding of the required measures.

Conclusion: The total awareness level of pharmacy students about the most common side effects of isotretinoin is generally high. However, the students' knowledge about teratogenicity and depression is inadequate. We recommend paying attention to providing better education on the potential risks and precautionary measures related to the use of this medication, especially for women of childbearing age.

Keywords: oral isotretinoin; pharmacy students; roaccutane; saudi arabia; teratogenicity.