Current status and factors of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students: a cross-sectional study

Satoru Haresaku; Akiko Chishaki; Junko Hatakeyama; Yasunori Yoshinaga; Junko Yoshizumi; Mito Yamamoto; Etsuko Matsuzaki; Ippei Hamanaka; Takashi TsutsumI; Yusuke Taniguchi; Kimiko Ohgi; Masahiro Yoneda

doi:10.1038/s41405-023-00149-5

Current status and factors of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students: a cross-sectional study

BDJ Open. 2023 Jul 14;9(1):29. doi: 10.1038/s41405-023-00149-5.

Authors

Satoru Haresaku¹, Akiko Chishaki^{2

3}, Junko Hatakeyama^{3

4}, Yasunori Yoshinaga^{3

5

6}, Junko Yoshizumi⁷, Mito Yamamoto⁸, Etsuko Matsuzaki^{3

6

9}, Ippei Hamanaka^{3

10}, Takashi TsutsumI^{3

11}, Yusuke Taniguchi^{3

12}, Kimiko Ohgi^{3

5}, Masahiro Yoneda^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nursing, Fukuoka Nursing College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan. haresaku@fdcnet.ac.jp.
² Department of Nursing, Fukuoka Nursing College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
³ Medical Examination Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Medical and Dental General Hospital, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
⁴ Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
⁵ Section of Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
⁶ Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
⁷ Section of Oral Oncology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
⁸ Fukuoka Dental Hygienist School, 1-12-43 Daimyo, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0041, Japan.
⁹ Section of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
¹⁰ Section of Removable Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
¹¹ The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
¹² Section of Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of periodontal disease and the factors of the disease among high school students.

Method: The participants were all students aged 15-18 years (n = 1202) at a high school in Japan. The data on oral health perceptions and behaviours were collected by a questionnaire survey. The prevalence of periodontal disease among them was investigated with the partial community periodontal index (PCPI). A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the PCPI.

Results: A total of 1069 students (88.9%) participated in this study. The prevalence of gingival bleeding, calculus, pocket depth of 4-5 mm, and pocket depth of 6 mm or more were 44.2%, 42.2%, 11.4%, and 1.6%, respectively. Approximately one-third of the students had a fear of dental treatment, and only 28.4% used dental floss. The results of logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sex and school year, showed that not visiting dentists regularly, not using dental floss, brushing teeth for less than 5 min, fear of dental treatment, and drinking sports drinks frequently were positively associated with periodontal conditions.

Conclusion: This study identified a high prevalence of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students aged 15-18 years and its risk factors, such as poor oral health behaviours and fear of dental treatment.

Abstract

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